Rubella in children is a viral illness and can be prevented with the MMR vaccine. Children usually have good outcomes when they contract Rubella; however, if a fetus develops Congenital Rubella Syndrome, the effects are devastating. Dr. Bornstein will discuss practical insights into understanding the signs, symptoms, treatment, and prevention of Rubella. RUBELLA DEFINITION: Rubella [...]
Measles in children is mainly eradicated due to vaccination, even though it is a contagious viral illness. However, in areas with low vaccination rates, outbreaks can still occur. Dr. Bornstein will discuss practical insights into understanding the signs and symptoms, treatment, and prevention of measles. DEFINITION: A viral illness associated with specific symptoms and a [...]
Diphtheria is a bacterial disease that can cause a sore throat, difficulty breathing, and fever. It was common in the early 1900s, but the DTap vaccine has made it a rare disease in the U.S. Dr. Bornstein discusses symptoms, causes, diagnosis and treatment for diphtheria. DEFINITION: An acute illness caused by a toxin released from [...]
Haemophilus Influenzae Type B is a bacteria that can cause severe infections in children, including meningitis, pneumonia, epiglottitis, septic arthritis, cellulitis, osteomyelitis, pericarditis, and bacteremia or bacteria in the bloodstream. Haemophilus Influenzae Type B (HIB) occurs in infants and children younger than five years old. SYMPTOMS: The symptoms of Haemophilus Influenzae Type B (HIB) vary [...]
DEFINITION: Hepatitis B is a viral infection that infects the liver SYMPTOMS: Symptoms may be absent at first but will eventually appear. When present, symptoms include: Nausea Vomiting Abdominal pain Joint pain Yellow eyes and skin (jaundice) Decreased appetite Lethargy CAUSES: [...]
DEFINITION: Hepatitis A is a viral infection that affects the liver SYMPTOMS: Fever Malaise Nausea Vomiting Decreased appetite Yellow skin and eyes (jaundice) Abdominal pain CAUSES: A virus, Hepatitis A virus (HAV) CONTAGION: Hepatitis A is contracted by eating contaminated food [...]
Pediatric pneumococcal infections are caused by Streptococcus pneumonia bacteria, ranging from mild to severe. There are more than 90 strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria, and the symptoms, causes, diagnosis, and treatment vary with each infection. Dr. Bornstein discusses pediatric pneumococcal infections below. DEFINITION: Illness caused by bacteria called Streptococcus pneumoniae SYMPTOMS: Depending on the site [...]
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